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Impact of education on economic growth 2 Net present value of a 25-point increase on PISA Country NPV United States $40,647 billion Mexico $4,000 billion Turkey $3,500 billion Hanushek and Wößman (2010) Non-economic benefits of education 3 More educated students live longer are healthier have less disability towards the end of their lives are less likely to be teenage parents are less likely to be incarcerated are less likely to commit suicide Centre for Research on the Wider Benefits of Education (www.learningbenefits.net) The world of work is changing Skill category Percentage change 1969- 1999 Complex communication +14% Expert thinking/problem solving +8% Routine manual –3% Non-routine manual –5% Routine cognitive –8% Autor, Levy & Murnane (2003) How flat is the world? Percentage crossing national boundaries: 1. 1% 2. 5% A. Physical mail: 3. 10% B. Telephone minutes: 4. 20% C. Internet traffic: 5. 50% D. First generation immigrants: E. University students: F. People, ever in their lives G. Goods and services: Mostly round; some flat bits (Ghemawat, 2011) Percentage crossing national boundaries Physical mail: 1 Telephone minutes: 2 Internet traffic: 17 First generation immigrants: 3 University students: 2 People, ever in their lives: 10 Goods and services: 10
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