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• SETTING THE CONTEXT • GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES • NVGs • WAY FORWARD CONTENTS 2 • As water collected in a tank gets pure by filtration, so accumulated wealth is preserved by being employed in charity. CHANAKYA, Vridda-Chanakya 3 • The beginning of industrialization (1800-1914) marks the transition from merchant charity to industrial philanthropy in India; • Between 1914 and 1960, business philanthropy was rich and varied; • Many of India’s leading businessmen came under the spell of Mahatma Gandhi and his Theory of Trusteeship of Wealth; • In 1965 and 1966 two consecutive seminars were held on the subject of Corporate Social Responsibility in New Delhi and Kolkata respectively; • Another landmark event in the field of CSR in India occurred when a leading business house undertook the first ever social audit in 1979. CSR as Strategic Philanthropy: Historical Background 4 • Despite the growth and development of the Indian Economy during the last couple of decades, poverty is, increasing in absolute terms. • The bare fact is that nearly 27.5% of India’s population still lives below poverty line, and 75% of this, lives in rural areas. • 77% of Indian live on a daily income of Rs. 20/- only. Why CSR--Poverty in India 5 I. How effectively has economic growth translated into poverty reduction? What factors have affected these results? II. What factors can lead to high-quality results in sectors that deliver services to the poor? III. What measures can help raise the accountability of institutions responsible for delivering and sustaining results? IV. What is happening to Aid Flows and Aid Coordination? Core Questions on Development Effectiveness and Poverty Reduction 6
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